What can cause acidic pH in urine?

A high protein diet can indeed cause acidic pH in urine. When an animal consumes a diet rich in protein, the metabolism of amino acids releases various acids into the bloodstream, such as sulfuric acid and phosphoric acid, leading to an increase in hydrogen ions that lower the pH of the urine. The kidneys then excrete these excess acids, resulting in more acidic urine.

In contrast, the other options have different effects on urine pH. A high carbohydrate diet typically does not significantly lower urine pH and may even lead to a more neutral or slightly alkaline urine due to the body's potential to convert carbohydrates into glucose and other metabolites that are less acidic. Low fiber intake does not directly affect urine acidity but can impact overall digestive health. Excessive hydration usually dilutes the urine, which can lead to a more neutral or alkaline pH as well. Understanding the influence of diet on urine pH is crucial in clinical pathology for assessing an animal's metabolic status and potential health issues.