What is the normal specific gravity (SG) range for a dog?

The normal specific gravity (SG) range for a dog typically falls between 1.020 and 1.040. This range reflects the kidneys' ability to concentrate urine based on hydration status and other physiological factors. A specific gravity within this range indicates that the kidneys are functioning properly and can concentrate urine effectively, helping to maintain the body's fluid balance.

Specific gravity measures the concentration of solutes in the urine, and variations outside the normal range can indicate various health issues. Values lower than 1.020 might suggest dilute urine, which can occur in conditions like diabetes insipidus or renal disease, while values higher than 1.040 may point to dehydration or other factors leading to concentrated urine.

Understanding the specific gravity range is crucial for veterinary pathologists and technicians, as it is a key indicator of a dog’s renal function and hydration status.